Vol. 4 No. 1 (2020)

Abstract

The key purposes of this article are to articulate the major political ideas and theories developed by Nizam al- Mulk Tusi based on his Magnas Opus entitled SiyasatNamah. It was composed upon the request of Seljuq King Sultan Malik Shah was read thoroughly and met with approval and leading to Malik Shah declaring that it would be the guide to the constitution and law of his state-empire in all affairs. Then, it became the concern of the king - the head of the state to ensure a positive environment for the people to attain peace here and the next and to establish social justice and welfare for each of the subjects in the empire. The name of Nizam al-Mulk might be honoured and respected as one of the greatest political philosophers, administrators, and statesmen who himself theorized the philosophy and enforced that in deed in the development of the polity and the fate of the people.Being an outstanding ruler, he turned himself as the architect, and the most intelligent, the creative and the shrewd administrator - the Grand minister, and the statesmen of the Seljuq Empire for a long tenure of thirty years with most glory and success, developed the state - empire in its heights peak- that made his time of rule the golden age in human history. By studying this research work the readers in general, the students of political science and the teachers of the discipline could globally be acquainted with one of the greatest administrators of the eleventh century world - without whose name the political history of the world remains an incomplete one. No theory is above criticism and his is not so. But if it is analyzed on the prevailed environment in which he lived, would convince us that the theory of his political system was developed upon such of values and ideals that his time or day allowed following and practicing that in full swing. The key aspects of his political system: the essence of the Kingship, the significance of the ministry, the diplomacy - the embassy, the intelligent agents, the un-dividing relationship between Sultanate, state-politics and religion, and the challenges for the state-empire of that day are dealt here with in some extent.

Abstract

The study investigated the impact of internet usage on academic performance in tertiary education level of Bangladesh and the main purpose of this study was to examine the impact of internet usage on academic performance in tertiary education and  also other main objectives of this study were to evaluate reasons for Internet usage among students in tertiary education level also to state the importance of internet usage on academic performance in tertiary education level and fortunately all the objectives of this study have been achieved successfully and intensely. This study carried out through using a mixed-method approach (including quantitative and qualitative methods) and also research can be conducted by quantitative and qualitative approach. Nevertheless, the most of the respondents agreed that Internet is powerful tool that facilitates their academic performance positively and also they have agreed extremely that Internet has the following positive impacts; accomplishment of assignments and course works, obtainability of library databases, simplifies communication between lecturers and students, facilitates communication among students, availability of contemporary knowledge, improves exam preparations and examination’s grades, comprehension and reading of the courses, accessibility of examination results and online courses and availability of learning materials from the instructors.It is found that internet has some negative impacts on student’s academic performance e.g. disturbances of reading time and learning time, reduces the attention of courses study, causes stress that can decrease exam grades, loses time allocation for study also internet decreases the efforts towards course works. This study recommended that tertiary education institutions should provide excellent internet facilities for their students where students utilize internet services positively to prevent and avoid any negative impacts that can harm their performance.

Abstract

This article revisits traditional definitions of culture and society to establish a sound criticism of existing coherence-based approaches. Culture also means the beliefs, values, behavior, and material objects shared by a particular people, the totality of learned, socially transmitted customs and also both a bridge to our past and a guide to the future By expanding the one-dimensional concept of culture to a four-field-matrix, a likewise contemporary and practical concept of culture is formulated which is likely to supply reasonable answers to disputed questions regarding the formation of cohesion in society along with language which is also a system of signs with standard meanings that allows members of a society to communicate with one another in the perspective of sociolinguistics. It is a cultural heritage and the key to cultural transmission also. It is finally argued that the prevalent diagnosis of multi collectivity should be expanded to a desideratum of radical multi collectivity, the goal of providing increasing individual access to ever more collectives, leading to an increase in both social stability and developmental dynamics.

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Obesity is a condition of abnormal or excessive fat accumulation in the adipose tissue to the extent that health maybe impaired. Obesity results when the number or size of fat cells in a person’s body increases. A normal sized person has between 30-35 billion fat cells which increase in size and later in number (Adhiambo, L.A,2010). Worldwide obesity has nearly tripled since 1975. In 2016, more than 1.9 billion adults, 18 years and older, were overweight. Of these over 650 million were obese. 39% of adults aged 18 years and over were overweight in 2016, and 13% were obese.
METHODS: Using a descriptive cross-sectional study design, 384 freshly admitted undergraduate students were enrolled in the study between May and August 2017. A structured questionnaire was used to interview the participants and to collect data on knowledge on obesity among the students.
 
RESULTS:   This study included 384 students. It was observed that majority of the participants were male (62%) followed by female (38%). 20-22 years of age group (61.7%) was most frequent age group of the participants. (93.8%) of the respondents were Muslim. Majority of the students showed good awareness state in terms of the factors related with obesity such as pregnancy, family history, hormonal disorders, stress, sleeping behavior, food consumption behavior, sedentary lifestyle and medical drugs, alcohol and smoking consumption, except depression and anxiety which almost 15% of the students showed unawareness state.  Regarding the clinical factors related to obesity, students also showed good awareness state in the areas of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, respiratory problems, except cancer and osteoarthritis were the students unaware state was 15.6% and 23.4% respectively.
 
CONCLUSION: This study reveals that in general, the knowledge about obesity among the freshly admitted undergraduate students of north south university was adequate. It also identified a number of gaps in the area of osteoarthritis, cancer, depression and anxiety with the obesity.

Abstract

Abstract

In the present day academic world, and especially in the developing countries like Bangladesh, our focuses are shifting fast from liberal humanist education to professional degrees and technology-based skill developments. Even many people like to think that humanities are dying and what is still persisting in the name of education in the humanities is either useless or insufficient to address the needs of present day problems and crises. But this very tendency to declare the study in the humanities obsolete or futile is the malady the people in the humanities identify as a major crisis in a world that is suffering from problems like local and global disparities, unequal distributions of power and wealth, the lack of fundamental rights for the majority of the world population, the rise of ethnic and religious extremism and becoming more and more segregated, intolerant and violent. It is true that we have limitations and we have failed time and again. But our failings and our shortcomings need careful scrutiny and remorseless examinations and reexaminations to find out the ways of going beyond and coming up with ideas, approaches, measures and suggestions that will help us be ready to face the crises, show our commitments and devote our energy, time and life to create and develop a world more beneficial for humans and more sustainable for peaceful and meaningful human existence and, in short, a better future.

Abstract

Nobody does research without any objective.They do research for the needs of society and people neither for money nor for academic gain. Of course,there are some who conduct research just to increase institutional fame and reputation. In all cases, the thoughts and plans of the research do not suddenly arise in the mind of a researcher. They have to do a lot of studies and have a thorough understanding of the current and recent research and their topics. So first of all,theypossess a clearinsight, philosophical position and belief. Then the researchersobserves deeplytheir surroundings, society, country and nation and even the outside world through their eyes; then only various thoughts arise in their mind.Simply put even a small thought does not suddenly occur in a person’s head.Therefore, one has to create an idea through a method and process. So the same kind of thinking may not come intoothers’ mind. Qualifications and background make a difference in thinking from person to person. Hence doing research is a conscious cognitive creation which utilizes multiple resources, systems, methods, along with the involvement of stakeholders. Here is the foundation of the concept of creative research.